Zombo District is located in the North-Western part of Uganda .It is bordered to the North by Arua District, to the South and West by Democratic Republic of Congo, and to the East by Nebbi District. The district occupies a total area of 9,285km² of which approximately 91% is arable land, 5% swamps and 4% open water and forest reserves. 

Zombo District generally comprises hilly areas with many steep U shaped and V shaped Valleys. The area has mainly red and dark clay loamy soils that are mature and fertile, with the red clay soils on the hill slopes and dark clay loamy soils in the Valleys and swampy areas.

A lot of the natural vegetation in Zombo District has been depleted. It is not uncommon today to see bare hilltops and slopes, with scattered acacia and other tree species and shrubs on the rangeland. There is rampart encroachment of wetlands in valley bottoms for cultivation. Traditionally, these wetlands have been drained and used to grow maize, beans, Irish potatoes and other short term crops during the dry seasons. This has contributed significantly to the devegitation of the land in the District.